Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 28, 2026
11:36
A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood
Published on: April 28, 2016
9.3K
Peptide YY: more than just an appetite regulator
Shanta J Persaud1, Gavin A Bewick
1Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
Diabetologia
|June 12, 2014
Summary
The gut hormone peptide YY (PYY) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors regulate beta cell survival. Understanding these mechanisms offers new therapeutic targets for preserving beta cells in diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Diabetes Research
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Beta cell mass is crucial for diabetes therapy.
- Understanding beta cell regulation is vital for new strategies.
- The gut hormone peptide YY (PYY) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors are implicated in beta cell survival.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of PYY and NPY receptor systems in regulating beta cell mass.
- To explore PYY's potential role in glucose homeostasis.
- To highlight PYY and NPY receptors as therapeutic targets for beta cell preservation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on PYY, NPY receptors, and beta cells.
- Analysis of evidence linking PYY production by islet cells and NPY receptor presence on islets.
- Examination of studies showing Y1 receptor activation effects on beta cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Main Results:
- PYY, known for appetite regulation, is produced by islet cells.
- NPY receptors are present on pancreatic islets.
- Y1 receptor activation promotes beta cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis.
Conclusions:
- PYY and NPY receptor systems play a significant role in controlling beta cell survival.
- These systems represent promising targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at preserving beta cell mass in diabetes.
- Further research into PYY and NPY signaling could lead to novel diabetes treatments.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Regulation of Food Intake
2.8K
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
2.8K
01:40Hormonal Regulation
37.5K
Hormones regulate a significant portion of digestion through activation of the neuroendocrine system. The neuroendocrine system of digestion contains many different hormones all with multiple functions that are both, directly and indirectly, involved in digestion.
37.5K
01:24Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
1.3K
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
1.3K
01:27Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors
4.4K
Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
4.4K
01:25Hormones Secreted by the Stomach
2.9K
Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
2.9K
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
13.2K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.2K