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Updated: Apr 28, 2026
Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer
Published on: November 2, 2013
Prostate specific antigen: the past, present and future
1Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif., USA.
Aim:
To review current data available on use of prostate specific antigen for screening healthy men for prostate cancer.
Methods:
Literature was reviewed and the guidelines from, American cancer Society, American Urologic Association was reviewed.
Results:
Current screening protocols lead to over diagnosis of prostate cancer. This often results in unnecessary biopsy procedures and treatments.
Conclusion:
We must consider the benefit of screening and treatment with the harms of over diagnosis and over treatment. Newer imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging have to be evaluated further.
