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Related Concept Videos

Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

222
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
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Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

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The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
199
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

75
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
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Probiotics01:22

Probiotics

292
Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

61
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

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Hot topics in gut microbiota.

Joël Doré1, Magnus Simrén2, Lisa Buttle3

  • 1INRA, AgroParisTech, Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Micalis and MetaGenoPolis, Jouy-en-Josas, France.

United European Gastroenterology Journal
|June 12, 2014
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Maintaining gut microbiota diversity is crucial for human health, impacting digestion, metabolism, and immunity. Understanding these microbial communities can lead to new health and disease management strategies.

Keywords:
Microbiotadietguthealthimmune system

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Human Health
  • Biomedicine

Background:

  • The gut microbiota, a complex microbial community, significantly influences host health.
  • Its role extends beyond the gastrointestinal tract, affecting metabolism and immune function.
  • Altered gut microbiota biodiversity is linked to various health and developmental issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of gut microbiota diversity for overall health.
  • To explore the potential of interventions for health promotion and disease management.
  • To review current therapeutic approaches and suggest future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract is based on a review of current research in the field of gut microbiota.
  • It synthesizes findings on the impact of gut microbial communities on human health.
  • It discusses therapeutic strategies such as diet, functional foods, and microbiota transplantation.

Main Results:

  • Gut microbiota plays a critical role in digestion, metabolism, and immune function.
  • Changes in gut microbiota diversity have significant consequences for host health.
  • Interventions like diet and probiotics show promise in modulating the gut microbiota.

Conclusions:

  • Developing and maintaining gut microbiota diversity is essential for health.
  • Further research into gut microbiota modulation can lead to targeted health interventions.
  • Diet, functional foods, and microbiota transplantation warrant further investigation for disease management.