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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

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[Atypical human trypanosomoses].

P Truc1, R Nzoumbou-Boko2, M Desquesnes3

  • 1Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), UMR InterTryp 177 IRD/CIRAD, campus international de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France.

Medecine Et Sante Tropicales
|June 12, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atypical human trypanosomiases (aHT) occur when animal trypanosomes infect humans, often with mild symptoms. These emerging zoonotic pathogens, like T. evansi, may be underestimated and require further surveillance.

Keywords:
Trypanosoma evansiTrypanosoma lewisiatypical trypanosomiasistrypanosometrypanosomiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Trypanosomes cause significant human diseases like HAT and Chagas disease.
  • Animal trypanosomes can occasionally infect humans, causing atypical human trypanosomiases (aHT).
  • T. evansi and T. lewisi are common agents of aHT, with variable clinical presentations.

Purpose:

  • To review the current understanding of atypical human trypanosomiases (aHT).
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and potential causes of aHT.
  • To emphasize the zoonotic potential and need for surveillance of these infections.

Summary:

  • Atypical human trypanosomiases (aHT) result from zoonotic transmission of animal trypanosomes, with T. evansi and T. lewisi being frequent culprits.
  • Infections can range from asymptomatic to severe, with spontaneous clearance often occurring but treatment sometimes necessary.
  • Molecular and immunological tools aid in diagnosis, while apolipoprotein L-I in human serum plays a role in innate immunity.

Impact:

  • The prevalence of aHT is likely underestimated, posing a potential emerging zoonotic threat.
  • Understanding aHT is crucial for developing effective diagnostic and control strategies.
  • An international network (NAHIAT) has been established for aHT surveillance.