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Deficits in predictive coding underlie hallucinations in schizophrenia.

Guillermo Horga1, Kelly C Schatz2, Anissa Abi-Dargham2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, New York 10032 horgag@nyspi.columbia.edu bp2014@columbia.edu.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deficits in auditory sensory prediction errors in schizophrenia may cause auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs). This study found reduced prediction error signals correlated with auditory cortex hyperactivity and volume reduction in AVH patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The neural basis of hallucinations in schizophrenia is not fully understood.
  • Deficits in predictive learning signals, like prediction errors, are hypothesized to underlie psychotic symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sensory prediction errors in patients with schizophrenia experiencing auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs).
  • To explore the relationship between prediction error deficits and neural phenotypes of AVHs.

Main Methods:

  • Model-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used.
  • Participants included patients with schizophrenia reporting daily AVHs and healthy controls.
  • A speech decision-making task manipulated auditory speech expectations.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients with AVHs showed reduced sensory prediction error signals in auditory cortex.
  • This deficit correlated with increased auditory cortex activity during silence and reduced gray matter volume.
  • AVH severity was associated with more pronounced prediction error deficits and resting auditory cortex hyperactivity.

Conclusions:

  • Deficient predictive coding in auditory sensory pathways may explain resting-state hyperactivity in sensory cortex.
  • This hyperactivity is a potential mechanism leading to auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia.