Monoclonal antibodies as targeting agents for cytotoxic compounds in vivo: a current assessment

Monoclonal antibodies have proved useful in the in vitro diagnosis of tumour type. Radiolabelled antibodies have also been investigated as targeting agents for the in vivo diagnosis of tumour metastasis. These studies have revealed the potential of using 'targeting agents' to identify tumours, but in addition have exposed some of the problems associated with the technique. This review describes our experiences using radiolabelled antibodies for the identification and treatment of tumours arising from the neuro-ectoderm. Based on a small number of 4 patients studies, we conclude that there are limitations on the use of radiolabelled antibodies for targeting isotopes to primary tumour masses. In addition, we outline a possible important role for antibodies in targeting therapeutic agents to minimal residual disease and diffuse tumours presenting as micro-metastasis.