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Related Concept Videos

Solvents01:12

Solvents

58.5K
A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...
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Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
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Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation01:01

Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation

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Benzaldehyde, like formaldehyde, lacks an α hydrogen and cannot enolize to form an enolate. Hence, the reaction of benzaldehyde with a ketone in the presence of an aqueous base forms a single crossed product. This reaction is referred to as Claisen–Schmidt condensation.
As the self-condensation of ketones is generally not favored in basic conditions, the self-condensed products do not form in the reaction between ketones and benzaldehyde. The general reaction of Claisen–Schmidt...
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Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

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Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation
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Towards Biomimicking Wood: Fabricated Free-standing Films of Nanocellulose, Lignin, and a Synthetic Polycation

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Acetone-based cellulose solvent.

Marc Kostag1, Tim Liebert, Thomas Heinze

  • 1Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743, Jena, Germany.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|June 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acetone with triethyloctylammonium chloride efficiently dissolves cellulose, creating low-viscosity solutions. This novel solvent system facilitates biopolymer processing and modification, with easy component recovery and recycling.

Keywords:
acetonecellulose solventdissolutionquaternary ammonium salt

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Estimation of Crystalline Cellulose Content of Plant Biomass using the Updegraff Method
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Estimation of Crystalline Cellulose Content of Plant Biomass using the Updegraff Method
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Cellulose dissolution is crucial for its processing and modification.
  • Aprotic solvents are commonly used but often result in high viscosity solutions.
  • Developing efficient and recyclable solvent systems for cellulose remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate acetone with tetraalkylammonium chloride as an efficient solvent for cellulose.
  • To optimize cellulose dissolution using triethyloctylammonium chloride (Et3 OctN Cl) in acetone.
  • To evaluate the potential of this system for biopolymer processing and modification.

Main Methods:

  • Dissolving cellulose in an acetone/Et3 OctN Cl mixture.
  • Characterizing the properties of the resulting cellulose solutions, including viscosity.
  • Assessing the feasibility of polymer recovery and solvent recycling.

Main Results:

  • Acetone with 10 mol% Et3 OctN Cl effectively dissolves cellulose.
  • The cellulose solutions exhibited the lowest viscosity reported for comparable aprotic systems.
  • Simple procedures for cellulose recovery and solvent component recycling were demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • Acetone/Et3 OctN Cl is a highly effective and promising solvent system for cellulose.
  • The low viscosity of these solutions is advantageous for shaping and chemical modification.
  • The system supports sustainable biopolymer processing through efficient recovery and recycling.