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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord01:26

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The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
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Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Neural Circuits01:25

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Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
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Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

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Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
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The Spinal Cord01:54

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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Spinal Cord Electrophysiology
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Neurotrophins and spinal circuit function.

Vanessa S Boyce1, Lorne M Mendell1

  • 1Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University Stony Brook, NY, USA.

Frontiers in Neural Circuits
|June 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurotrophins like nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can modify spinal circuits, impacting motor reflexes and stepping behavior. These growth factors show potential for improving function after injury or in disease states.

Keywords:
c-Foslocomotionmotor neuronneurotrophinnociceptorpainspinal cord injurystretch reflex

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Spinal Cord Research
  • Neurobiology

Background:

  • Early research focused on stereotyped spinal reflexes.
  • Recent decades highlight the plasticity of spinal circuits.
  • Monoamines and growth factors influence spinal circuit activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of neurotrophins on spinal circuits.
  • To discuss neurotrophins' role in nociceptive, motor, and stepping behaviors.
  • To explore translational applications of neurotrophins for functional recovery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on neurotrophins and spinal circuits.
  • Analysis of studies on nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3).
  • Examination of functional outcomes including nociception, motor reflexes, and locomotion.

Main Results:

  • Neurotrophins, including NGF, BDNF, and NT-3, modulate spinal circuit function.
  • These factors influence nociceptive behavior, motor reflexes, and stepping.
  • Neurotrophins and their receptors are endogenously present in the spinal cord.

Conclusions:

  • Neurotrophins significantly impact spinal cord function and plasticity.
  • Potential therapeutic applications exist for neurotrophins in treating spinal cord injuries and diseases.
  • Further research is warranted to translate these findings into clinical practice.