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New treatment options for OCD.

Naomi A Fineberg1

  • 1National OCD Treatment Service, Herts Partnership NHS Trust, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK.

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
|June 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Escitalopram effectively treats obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by reducing symptoms and preventing relapse. This selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) offers a well-tolerated, first-line option for long-term OCD pharmacotherapy.

Keywords:
Obsessive-compulsive disorderescitalopramselective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) pharmacotherapy primarily involves serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) offer improved tolerability over tricyclic antidepressants like clomipramine.
  • Escitalopram is the most selective SSRI, representing the S-enantiomer of citalopram.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of escitalopram in treating OCD.
  • To compare escitalopram's effectiveness against placebo and paroxetine.
  • To assess escitalopram's role in preventing OCD relapse.

Main Methods:

  • A 24-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.
  • Assessment of symptom scores using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS).
  • A relapse-prevention study evaluating time to relapse.

Main Results:

  • Escitalopram (20 mg) significantly reduced OCD symptom scores by week 12 (P<0.01) with a 70.2% response rate versus 50.4% for placebo.
  • Escitalopram (10 mg) showed significant symptom reduction by week 24 (P=0.052).
  • Escitalopram (20 mg) improved remitter status compared to placebo and paroxetine (40 mg) from week 12; it also demonstrated a statistically significant superior effect in preventing relapse (hazard ratio 2.74).

Conclusions:

  • Escitalopram provides significant symptom relief in OCD patients.
  • Escitalopram is effective in preventing relapse during long-term treatment.
  • Escitalopram is well-tolerated and a potential first-line agent for OCD pharmacotherapy.