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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to tailor drug therapy effectively. This monitoring is critical for managing drugs with narrow therapeutic indices like digoxin and phenytoin, ensuring they are both safe and effective. For instance, monitoring theophylline levels in asthma patients involves precision and sensitivity to adjust doses according to individual responses to therapy, ensuring efficacy and...
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Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
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A medication’s effectiveness largely depends on its appropriate dosage and the route of administration. Dosage ensures that a sufficient drug concentration is maintained in the bloodstream to elicit the desired therapeutic effect without causing toxicity. The route of administration affects the drug's bioavailability, rate of absorption, and onset of action, which are crucial for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Drug dosage calculations are critical to tailoring therapy to...
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Measurement of Bioavailability: Pharmacodynamic Methods01:20

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Pharmacodynamic methods provide insights into a drug's effects on physiological processes over time and play a crucial role in understanding bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. These methods can be broadly classified into acute pharmacological and therapeutic response approaches, each with distinct mechanisms and applications.The acute pharmacological response method directly correlates a drug's physiological effects, such as ECG or pupil diameter changes, to its time course in the body.
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Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
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A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
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[mediEVAL: a new evaluating tool for the medication-use system].

Marion Bessone1, Pascal Rathelot1, Raffi Agopian1

  • 1Service central de la Qualité et de l'Information pharmaceutiques, AP-HM, Marseille, France.

Therapie
|June 14, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new risk cartography tool, mediEVAL, was developed to assess medication-use systems. This tool helps evaluate quality and manage risks in hospitals, providing valuable data for the region.

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare quality improvement
  • Medication safety systems
  • Risk management in healthcare

Context:

  • The Observatoire du médicament et des dispositifs médicaux stériles et de l'innovation thérapeutique (OMEDIT) in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (PACA)-Corse regions identified a need for improved medication-use system evaluation.
  • Existing methods for assessing medication-use systems lacked a comprehensive risk-based approach.

Purpose:

  • To develop a novel methodology and tool for evaluating medication-use systems.
  • To implement a risk cartography approach for identifying and managing potential hazards.
  • To support hospitals in enhancing their medication-use system quality and risk management.

Summary:

  • A new tool named mediEVAL has been developed using Microsoft Excel.
  • The mediEVAL tool employs a risk cartography methodology, comprising evaluating and synthesis Excel files.
  • It allows for the assessment of individual jobs within the medication-use system and the compilation of data for defined geographical areas.

Impact:

  • mediEVAL provides a standardized approach for evaluating the entire medication-use system in hospitals.
  • It facilitates quality and risk management, aligning with contractual obligations for medication use.
  • The tool enables OMEDIT to gather comprehensive data for an inventory of the medication-use system's status in the PACA-Corse region.