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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells
Published on: January 20, 2019
Human memory T cells from the bone marrow are resting and maintain long-lasting systemic memory
Anna Okhrimenko1, Joachim R Grün2, Kerstin Westendorf1
1Cell Biology.
Human bone marrow memory T cells are resting, not activated. These cells provide long-term immune memory for systemic pathogens like measles, offering crucial insights into T cell memory.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Memory T cells in bone marrow were thought to be preactivated.
- This activation was inferred from CD69 and CD25 expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the activation state of human bone marrow memory T cells.
- To characterize the immune memory function of these cells.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of T cell proliferation, transcription, and cell cycle phase.
- Comparison of T cell receptor repertoire in bone marrow versus blood memory T cells.
- Assessment of T cell specificity against various pathogens.
Main Results:
- Bone marrow memory T cells are resting, in G0 phase, with a resting transcriptome.
- Repertoire is enriched for T cells specific to systemic pathogens (CMV, tetanus, MMR).
- Not enriched for skin/mucosal pathogens (vaccinia, Candida).
- Measles-specific T cells are almost exclusively in bone marrow.
Conclusions:
- Bone marrow memory T cells are quiescent but functionally poised.
- They provide long-term immune memory for systemic infections.
- Bone marrow serves as a critical reservoir for specific T cell memory.
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