[Diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of cesarean scar pregnancy]

Cesarean scar pregnancy is a rare entity. This situation may induce uterine rupture and/or a massive life-threatening hemorrhage. The standard treatment is laparotomy surgery, but in situ injections to replace invasive surgery. The objective of this study was to focus on the diagnosis, optimal management and long-term follow-up of the patients.

Data from 6 patients with diagnosis of cesarean scar pregnancy between 2007 and 2013 at Lariboisière hospital were retrospectively collected.

Endovaginal ultrasound succeeded to diagnose all cases. Four patients were treated with in situ injection of methotrexate performing a vaginal way (n=2) or laparoscopy (n=2) and two others using systemic injection. One patient was complicated by hemorrhagic shock requiring iterative embolizations. Three patients achieved a new pregnancy, with one recurrent scar pregnancy complicated by massive hemorrhage.

Diagnosis and treatment of cesarean scar pregnancies must be done precociously because of high hemorrhage risks. Endovaginal ultrasound is the gold standard exam. Treatment is non-consensual, but methotrexate in situ injection is effective and safer. Monitoring the decrease of HCG levels and ultrasonography supervision of gestational sac size and its vascularization must be performed. Due to the risk of recurrence, any subsequent pregnancy shows a high risk of complications.