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Aseptic techniques prevent contamination, ensure experimental accuracy, and protect researchers and microbial cultures. These techniques are essential in clinical, industrial, and research settings where sterility is required.Maintaining Sterility in Laboratory PracticesScientists maintain sterility by sterilizing tools with heat or chemicals, disinfecting work surfaces, and handling cultures in controlled environments. Working near an open flame or within a laminar flow hood reduces the risk...
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Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
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Visualization of Macrophage Lytic Cell Death During Mycobacterial Infection in Zebrafish Embryos via Intravital Microscopy
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Sounding the death knell for microbes?

Frederick Harris1, Sarah R Dennison2, David A Phoenix3

  • 1School of Forensic and Investigative Science, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK.

Trends in Molecular Medicine
|June 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ultrasound activates sonosensitizers (SS) to produce reactive oxygen species, killing bacteria. This novel sonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (SACT) offers a promising new approach for microbial infection treatment.

Keywords:
bacteriareactive oxygen speciessonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapysonoluminescencesonosensitizerultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Antimicrobial Therapy
  • Medical Acoustics

Background:

  • Ultrasound (sound with frequency >20 kHz) can induce microbial cell death.
  • This effect is mediated by sonosensitizers (SS) that generate toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • Recent research highlights the potential of ultrasound-mediated antimicrobial strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in sonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (SACT).
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying SACT.
  • To discuss the future therapeutic prospects of SACT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on SACT.
  • Analysis of studies investigating SS activation by ultrasound.
  • Examination of microbial cell death mechanisms induced by SACT.

Main Results:

  • Sonosensitizers (SS) activated by ultrasound generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are toxic to microbes.
  • SACT involves selective delivery of SS to microbial cells followed by ultrasound activation.
  • This process effectively induces microbial cell death.

Conclusions:

  • SACT represents a novel ultrasound-mediated antimicrobial therapy.
  • SACT has significant potential as a therapeutically viable antimicrobial regime.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize SACT for clinical applications.