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Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Published on: May 25, 2012

Cellular bone matrices: viable stem cell-containing bone graft substitutes.

Branko Skovrlj¹, Javier Z Guzman², Motasem Al Maaieh²

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1136, New York, NY 10029, USA.

The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society

|June 15, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular bone matrices (CBMs) show promise for bone augmentation, but their efficacy in spinal fusion surgery is inconclusive. More independent studies are needed to confirm safety and effectiveness before widespread adoption.

Keywords:

Bone graft substitutes Cellular allograft Cellular bone matrices Mesenchymal stem cells Osteoprogenitor cells Spinal fusion surgery

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Regenerative Medicine
Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

Allogenic bone grafts with live mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), known as cellular bone matrices (CBMs), are increasingly used.
CBMs represent over 17% of bone grafts and substitutes currently utilized.

Purpose of the Study:

Critically evaluate CBMs, including technical specifications, supporting data, FDA regulation, cost, and potential risks.
Assess the current landscape of CBMs in orthopedic applications.

Main Methods:

Literature review using Ovid, Medline, and Pubmed databases.
Inclusion of English-language articles and assessment of evidence levels.
Direct communication with manufacturers for product-specific technical details.

Main Results:

Five CBMs are available for spinal fusion, with significant product variability (donor age, cell concentration, viability).
Retrospective studies report high fusion rates (90.2-92.3%), but no independent studies exist.
CBMs claim FDA 361 compliance; however, challenges remain regarding MSC survival, function, and osteoblastic potential post-implantation.

Conclusions:

CBMs show potential as bone augmentation technology in spinal fusion.
While appearing safe, CBM efficacy for spinal fusion remains inconclusive.
Large, non-industry sponsored trials are essential to validate CBM effectiveness and inform surgical decisions.