'Alice in Wonderland' syndrome as a precursor of delusional misidentification syndromes

The present paper describes a case of abuse of toluene-based solvent in which features of both 'Alice in Wonderland' (AIW) syndrome with déjá vu , and delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS), were exhibited. Toluene-induced brain dysfunction was the basis of the weak ties between percepts and sensory information, which in turn led to the misperceptions. Once misperceptions fed back into the cycle comprised of misperceptions, false beliefs and erroneous expectations, DMS were induced. AIW syndrome with déjá vu is a precursor and forms the basis of DMS.