Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

4.3K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
4.3K
Microbes and the Sulfur Cycle01:29

Microbes and the Sulfur Cycle

122
Sulfur is a vital element in Earth's biogeochemical systems. It transitions through various inorganic states, including sulfate (SO₄²⁻), elemental sulfur (S⁰), and sulfide (S²⁻). Abiotic and biological mechanisms across oxic and anoxic environments intricately mediate these transformations. Sulfate, the most oxidized form of sulfur, is predominantly stored in rocks, marine sediments, and oceanic waters, acting as a long-term reservoir in the global sulfur...
122
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

4.3K
Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry,...
4.3K
Acid Mine Drainage01:19

Acid Mine Drainage

110
Mining activities that disturb sulfide-rich rocks, particularly those containing pyrite (FeS₂), initiate a cascade of geochemical and microbiological processes with serious environmental implications. When exposed to air and water, pyrite undergoes oxidation, releasing sulfate, ultimately forming sulfuric acid and mobilizing heavy metals into surrounding water systems. This phenomenon, known as acid mine drainage (AMD), results in low pH waters laden with toxic elements that threaten...
110
Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

552
Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to...
552
The Sulfur Cycle01:22

The Sulfur Cycle

41.6K
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
41.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

GM-CSF downregulates type I IFN responses in glioblastoma-associated monocytes.

Experimental & molecular medicine·2026
Same author

Real-world longitudinal assessment of anifrolumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical outcomes, safety and modulation of cytokines and neutrophil activity.

RMD open·2026
Same author

Intraperitoneal G-CSF Stimulation Achieves Human-like Neutrophil Levels in NSG Mice Without Inducing Systemic Inflammation.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Early Gut-Vascular Barrier Breakdown Precedes Colitis Onset in Murine Models.

Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology·2026
Same author

Targeting ubiquitin signaling vulnerabilities in KEAP1-inactivated lung cancer.

The EMBO journal·2026
Same author

Low-input deep learning platform for citrullinated peptide identification, autoantigen discovery and rheumatoid arthritis treatment stratification.

Nature biomedical engineering·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Preparation of Authigenic Pyrite from Methane-bearing Sediments for In Situ Sulfur Isotope Analysis Using SIMS
09:31

Preparation of Authigenic Pyrite from Methane-bearing Sediments for In Situ Sulfur Isotope Analysis Using SIMS

Published on: August 31, 2017

7.1K

Working with "H2S": facts and apparent artifacts.

Rudolf Wedmann1, Sarah Bertlein1, Igor Macinkovic1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry
|June 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Researchers found that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) experimental results vary greatly depending on the source, dose, and methods. Proper handling of H2S is crucial for accurate physiological and pharmacological studies.

Keywords:
Cytochrome cHydrogen sulfideNitric oxideNitritePolysulfidesSuperoxide

More Related Videos

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
03:55

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria

Published on: June 27, 2022

4.2K
Measurement of H2S in Crude Oil and Crude Oil Headspace Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography, Deans Switching and Sulfur-selective Detection
08:37

Measurement of H2S in Crude Oil and Crude Oil Headspace Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography, Deans Switching and Sulfur-selective Detection

Published on: December 10, 2015

19.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Preparation of Authigenic Pyrite from Methane-bearing Sediments for In Situ Sulfur Isotope Analysis Using SIMS
09:31

Preparation of Authigenic Pyrite from Methane-bearing Sediments for In Situ Sulfur Isotope Analysis Using SIMS

Published on: August 31, 2017

7.1K
A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
03:55

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria

Published on: June 27, 2022

4.2K
Measurement of H2S in Crude Oil and Crude Oil Headspace Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography, Deans Switching and Sulfur-selective Detection
08:37

Measurement of H2S in Crude Oil and Crude Oil Headspace Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography, Deans Switching and Sulfur-selective Detection

Published on: December 10, 2015

19.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Chemical Biology

Background:

  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a signaling molecule with physiological roles akin to nitric oxide (NO).
  • Contradictory data in H2S research often stems from overlooking fundamental H2S chemistry.
  • Understanding H2S experimental constraints is vital for accurate interpretation of its biological effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how H2S source, dose, and experimental methodology influence research outcomes.
  • To identify common pitfalls and provide guidelines for reliable H2S research.
  • To clarify H2S interactions with other molecules and detection methods.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of H2S reactivity with metal ions, disulfides, and reactive oxygen species.
  • Assessment of H2S effects on cellular respiration and mitochondrial function.
  • Evaluation of H2S interference with common biochemical assays (Griess reaction) and probes (PTIO, NO electrodes).

Main Results:

  • Commercially sourced NaHS and trace metal ions can alter protein structure and experimental results.
  • High H2S concentrations can inhibit cell respiration, depolarize mitochondrial membranes, and generate superoxide.
  • H2S directly reacts with superoxide, reduces cytochrome c, and interferes with nitrite quantification and PTIO assays.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental conditions significantly impact H2S research findings.
  • Careful consideration of H2S source, purity, concentration, and assay interference is necessary for valid data.
  • Adherence to chemical principles ensures accurate understanding of H2S physiological roles and therapeutic potential.