Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Subconsciousness and No Awareness01:15

Subconsciousness and No Awareness

856
The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
856
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

980
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
980
Schemas01:42

Schemas

10.8K
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
10.8K
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

5.9K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
5.9K
Self-Awareness and Its Effects01:21

Self-Awareness and Its Effects

415
Self-awareness is a psychological state in which the individual becomes the focal point of their attention. This inward focus transforms the self into an object of contemplation and assessment, influencing how individuals perceive their actions and their alignment with personal and societal standards.Triggers and Contexts for Self-AwarenessSelf-awareness can be activated by external stimuli that make individuals visually or audibly aware of themselves, such as mirrors, cameras, or recordings.
415
Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

639
Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
639

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neuropixels Opto: combining high-resolution electrophysiology and optogenetics.

Nature methods·2026
Same author

An open multi-center MEG-EEG dataset for studying conscious visual perception.

Scientific data·2026
Same author

Motor equivalence in motor awareness.

iScience·2026
Same author

An open-access multi-site fMRI dataset for investigating conscious visual perception.

Scientific data·2026
Same author

Consciousness indicators, mimicry, and internal variants.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
Same author

Presence hallucination induction through robotically mediated somatomotor conflicts: A pooled analysis of 25 experiments.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2026
Same journal

Geographical psychology: Spatial variation in psychological phenomena and their consequences.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
Same journal

Multi-brain neurofeedback: what are we training for?

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
Same journal

The developing vocal self.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
Same journal

Searching beyond decrements: Attentional guidance across the adult lifespan.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
Same journal

Looking into working memory through micro eye movements.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
Same journal

Timescapes of non-human experience.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
06:11

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity

Published on: September 26, 2025

1.2K

Information integration without awareness.

Liad Mudrik1, Nathan Faivre1, Christof Koch2

  • 1Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|June 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Consciousness enables broader information integration, though some simpler or prior learned integrations can occur unconsciously. This research explores the relationship between awareness and integrating various types of information.

Keywords:
consciousnessglobal neural workspaceintegrated information theoryintegrationintegration windowsmultisensory integrationunconscious processing

More Related Videos

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
06:11

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity

Published on: September 26, 2025

1.2K
The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Information integration and consciousness are considered interdependent.
  • The precise nature of their relationship and the role of consciousness in integration remain debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the experimental literature on perceptual and cognitive integration.
  • To determine which forms of information integration necessitate consciousness.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent experimental studies on information integration.
  • Analysis of perceptual and cognitive integration across spatiotemporal, multisensory, semantic, and novel information domains.

Main Results:

  • Some integrative processes can occur without conscious awareness.
  • Unconscious integration is limited to smaller time windows, simpler associations, or previously learned information.
  • Consciousness enables wider-range integration and establishes mechanisms for later unconscious operation.

Conclusions:

  • Consciousness is not strictly necessary for all forms of information integration.
  • Consciousness plays a crucial enabling role in complex and broad integration, and in the formation of unconscious integrative mechanisms.