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Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
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Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
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Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of contaminated water or food.Vibrio cholerae is a motile, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Vibrionaceae, primarily associated with waterborne outbreaks in areas with inadequate sanitation. Although over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae exist, only O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic cholera. The O1 serogroup,...
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Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen
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[Arcobacter: a foodborne emerging pathogen].

Gerardo Calvo, Maria Laura Arias, Heriberto Fernández

    Archivos Latinoamericanos De Nutricion
    |June 18, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Arcobacter is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, often foodborne, whose public health importance is underestimated. This review updates knowledge on its characteristics, transmission, and detection to improve understanding and control.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Zoonotic Diseases
    • Food Safety

    Context:

    • Emerging infectious diseases pose significant public health challenges.
    • Zoonotic pathogens, like Arcobacter, represent a growing concern in human and animal health.
    • Underestimation of Arcobacter infections is linked to knowledge gaps and diagnostic limitations.

    Purpose:

    • To provide an updated overview of Arcobacter, an emerging foodborne pathogen.
    • To consolidate current knowledge on Arcobacter's characteristics, transmission, and public health relevance.
    • To highlight the need for standardized diagnostic methods and further research.

    Summary:

    • Arcobacter is an emerging, zoonotic, and foodborne bacterial pathogen of increasing public health importance.
    • Infections are likely underestimated due to limited knowledge, diagnostic challenges, and varied transmission routes.

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  • This review covers Arcobacter's morphology, classification, distribution, transmission (food, water, animals), virulence, and antibiotic susceptibility.

    • Impact:

    • Enhances understanding of Arcobacter's role in public health and food safety.
    • Guides the development of improved diagnostic and control strategies for Arcobacter infections.
    • Promotes further research into the pathogenic potential and epidemiology of Arcobacter species.