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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Paramagnetism01:30

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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Proximity effect in superconductor/conical magnet heterostructures.

D Fritsch1, J F Annett

  • 1H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, School of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|June 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary

We explored how Holmium

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Spintronics
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Superconductor-ferromagnet interfaces can generate spin-triplet Cooper pairs.
  • These pairs enable long-range proximity effects crucial for spintronic devices.
  • Holmium's conical magnetism offers a tunable spin-flip potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the impact of Holmium's conical magnetic structure on spin-triplet Cooper pair generation.
  • Analyze how varying the opening angle (α) and pitch angle (β) affects pairing efficiency.
  • Understand the role of these angles in controlling the proximity effect.

Main Methods:

  • Self-consistent solutions of Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations.
  • Utilized a tight-binding model for superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures.

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  • Analyzed results in the clean limit.

    • Main Results:

    • Conical magnet interface properties significantly influence spin-triplet pairing.
    • Both equal-spin and unequal-spin triplet correlations are sensitive to angles α and β.
    • Specific angle combinations can optimize or suppress triplet pair generation.

    Conclusions:

    • Holmium's conical magnetism provides a tunable mechanism for generating spin-triplet Cooper pairs.
    • Interface magnetic structure is a key factor in controlling proximity effects.
    • Findings offer insights for designing advanced superconducting spintronic devices.