Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

1.1K
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
1.1K
Imprinting01:22

Imprinting

9.9K
Behavioral imprinting is observed in some newborn animals and occurs when they develop strong and specific attachments to another animal (usually a parent) following brief, early-life exposures. Offspring imprint onto parents within a brief period after birth or hatching; this time window is called the critical period. Once imprinting occurs, the bond established between the parents and their offspring is usually long-lasting.
9.9K
Labeling Emotion01:20

Labeling Emotion

1.0K
Emotional labeling is a cognitive process that involves identifying and naming one's emotions, such as anger, fear, happiness, or sadness. It allows individuals to recognize and express their internal emotional states, a critical aspect of emotional regulation and communication. Labeling emotions requires more than mere recognition; it also involves drawing upon memory and contextual cues to understand the current situation and apply a corresponding emotional label. For instance, feeling...
1.0K
Mnemonic Devices01:23

Mnemonic Devices

628
Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...
628
Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

1.5K
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
1.5K
Associative Learning01:27

Associative Learning

2.1K
Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
Classical conditioning, also known...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An Investigation of the Phonetic Variation of the Word-Initial /l/ and /n/ Across Regional Varieties of Mandarin.

Language and speech·2026
Same author

Thermotropic liquid crystal droplets stabilized by nanoparticles for the optical detection of phospholipid membranes: impact of membrane composition on LC ordering transitions.

Soft matter·2026
Same author

Music training and language learning improve verbal memory performance but do not change white matter characteristics of the splenium: a longitudinal DTI study.

Frontiers in psychology·2025
Same author

Examining the influence of musical sophistication, cognitive performance, and social skills on the Brain Age Gap Estimate (BrainAGE).

Brain structure & function·2025
Same author

Sprayable Biocide-Free Polyurethane Paint that Reduces Biofouling and Facilitates Removal of Pathogenic Bacteria from Surfaces.

ACS omega·2025
Same author

Testing the relationship between preferences for infant-directed speech and vocabulary development: A multi-lab study.

Journal of child language·2024
Same journal

Reciprocal relations between parent-adolescent closeness and adolescent depressive symptoms across the pre-to-post COVID-19 pandemic.

Child development·2026
Same journal

Young children use conversational timing as a cue for prosocial commitment.

Child development·2026
Same journal

Timing and type of domestic violence exposure and adolescents' experiences of peer violence.

Child development·2026
Same journal

Comprehension of "can" predicts performance on a nonverbal measure of modal concepts at 48 but not 36 months.

Child development·2026
Same journal

An associative learning account of how saliva becomes a cue for comfort.

Child development·2026
Same journal

If moms do it, it can't be that important: Children's reasoning about gender disparities in domestic work.

Child development·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
07:31

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

6.2K

Referential labeling can facilitate phonetic learning in infancy.

H Henny Yeung, Lawrence M Chen, Janet F Werker

    Child Development
    |June 18, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Infant phonetic attunement is not independent of word learning. Early exposure to referential word labels, even non-native ones, can enhance infants’ ability to distinguish speech sounds.

    More Related Videos

    Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
    05:35

    Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

    Published on: April 19, 2017

    6.1K
    Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm
    06:07

    Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm

    Published on: May 15, 2019

    8.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

    Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
    07:31

    Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

    Published on: February 8, 2019

    6.2K
    Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
    05:35

    Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization

    Published on: April 19, 2017

    6.1K
    Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm
    06:07

    Exploring Infant Sensitivity to Visual Language using Eye Tracking and the Preferential Looking Paradigm

    Published on: May 15, 2019

    8.3K

    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Psychology
    • Linguistics
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • Phonetic attunement, crucial for speech perception, is traditionally believed to develop independently of vocabulary.
    • Infants rapidly learn to distinguish phonetic contrasts essential for their native language before acquiring many words.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether lexical and referential knowledge influence phonetic attunement in infants.
    • To examine if learning non-native phonetic contrasts can be facilitated by associating them with object labels.

    Main Methods:

    • Ninety-eight 9-month-old English-learning infants participated in a training study.
    • Infants were exposed to audiovisual pairings of object–tone stimuli, linking specific tones to specific objects.
    • Tone discrimination of a non-native Cantonese contrast was assessed post-training.

    Main Results:

    • Infants demonstrated improved discrimination of the non-native tone contrast when the object–tone pairings were perceived as referential word labels.
    • The positive effect of referential labels on tone discrimination was modulated by the infants' existing vocabulary size.

    Conclusions:

    • Phonetic attunement may not be entirely independent of lexical and referential knowledge.
    • Early vocabulary development and the association of sounds with meaning can play a significant role in how infants perceive speech sounds.