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Competitive divers need adequate nutrition for peak performance. Restrictive diets can harm health and athletic ability, increasing injury risk and fatigue.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Nutrition
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Diving Science

Background:

  • Competitive divers require optimal energy and nutrient intake for performance, power-to-weight ratio, and health.
  • Concerns exist regarding divers' focus on body weight, potentially leading to inadequate dietary intake and low energy availability.
  • Low energy availability is linked to micronutrient deficiencies, fatigue, injuries, and diminished athletic performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the nutritional requirements for competitive divers.
  • To highlight the risks associated with restrictive dietary practices in diving.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for diver nutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on sports nutrition and diving.
  • Estimation of energy requirements based on training demands for male and female divers.
  • Analysis of macronutrient (carbohydrate, protein) and micronutrient needs.
  • Consideration of hydration strategies and supplementation.

Main Results:

  • Estimated daily energy needs: 3,500 kcal for males, 2,650 kcal for females.
  • Recommended carbohydrate intake: 3-8 g/kg/day, higher for growth.
  • Recommended protein intake: 1.2-1.7 g/kg/day, evenly distributed and timed post-training.
  • Emphasis on nutrient-dense foods, adequate hydration, and potential supplementation (calcium, iron) under medical supervision.

Conclusions:

  • Divers must prioritize sufficient energy and nutrient intake to support performance and health.
  • Avoiding restrictive diets is crucial to prevent negative health outcomes and performance decrements.
  • A multidisciplinary sports medicine team approach is recommended for optimal diver care, including nutrition and hydration support.