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Related Concept Videos

Sympathetic Signaling01:31

Sympathetic Signaling

3.3K
Sympathetic signaling, a vital part of the autonomic nervous system, plays a crucial role in mobilizing the body's resources in response to stress or emergencies. It involves the transmission of nerve impulses from sympathetic preganglionic fibers to postganglionic fibers. This results in the release of specific neurotransmitters and activation of adrenergic receptors.
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) onto the ganglionic neurons in the...
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Nerve Supply of the GI Tract01:27

Nerve Supply of the GI Tract

3.5K
The neuronal supply to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is essential for regulating various functions, including digestion, absorption, and movement of food. This intricate network of nerves is known as the enteric nervous system (ENS), often referred to as the "second brain" of the body.
The enteric nervous system consists of two major plexuses: the myenteric plexus (Auerbach's plexus) and the submucosal plexus (Meissner's plexus). These plexuses are located within the layers of...
3.5K
Adrenergic Neurons: Neurotransmission01:27

Adrenergic Neurons: Neurotransmission

5.3K
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers (except those supplying the sweat glands) releasing noradrenaline or norepinephrine are called noradrenergic or adrenergic neurons. Noradrenaline, dopamine, adrenaline, or epinephrine are collectively called "catecholamines" as they contain a catechol moiety and an amine side chain. The five stages of neurotransmitter release involve their synthesis, storage, release, reuptake and metabolism.
Synthesis: Catecholamine synthesis requires tyrosine, which...
5.3K
Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure

8.8K
The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...
8.8K
Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla01:27

Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla

3.2K
The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
3.2K
Sympathetic Pathways: Sympathetic Chain Ganglia01:20

Sympathetic Pathways: Sympathetic Chain Ganglia

7.1K
The sympathetic chain ganglia, also known as the sympathetic trunk ganglia or paravertebral ganglia, are a series of ganglia located bilaterally on either side of the spinal column. These ganglia serve as relay stations for the sympathetic nervous system. Preganglionic neurons originating in the spinal cord project their axons to the sympathetic chain ganglia. Within the ganglia, these preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic neurons.The postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic trunk...
7.1K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats
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Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats

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Netrin-1 controls sympathetic arterial innervation.

Isabelle Brunet, Emma Gordon, Jinah Han

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |June 18, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Netrin-1 guides sympathetic nerves to arteries, essential for blood flow control. This discovery reveals a key mechanism in vascular development and function.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Vascular Biology
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Autonomic sympathetic nerves regulate vascular tone and organ blood supply.
    • The developmental mechanisms of sympathetic arterial innervation are poorly understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify key factors involved in the development of sympathetic arterial innervation.

    Main Methods:

    • Identified netrin-1 as an axon guidance cue.
    • Utilized cell type-specific gene deletion (Ntn1 in SMCs, Dcc in sympathetic neurons) in mice.
    • Assessed sympathetic innervation and vasoconstriction in resistance arteries.

    Main Results:

    • Netrin-1 is produced by smooth muscle cells (SMCs) during initial innervation.
    • Netrin-1 interacts with its receptor DCC on sympathetic growth cones.
    • Deletion of Ntn1 or Dcc resulted in reduced sympathetic innervation and impaired vasoconstriction.

    Conclusions:

    • Netrin-1 and DCC are critical for establishing sympathetic innervation of arteries.
    • This pathway is essential for proper blood flow regulation in peripheral organs.