Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Quantification of Cerebral Vascular Architecture using Two-photon Microscopy in a Mouse Model of HIV-induced Neuroinflammation
Published on: January 12, 2016
Update on HIV dementia and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
1St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia, B.Brew@UNSW.edu.au.
Abstract:
The introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has dramatically reduced the risk of central nervous system opportunistic infection and severe dementia secondary to HIV infection in the last two decades. However, a milder form of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains prevalent in the cART era and has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. In this review, we outline updated research findings on investigating and monitoring cognitive impairment in HAND patients. The outcomes of recent research on the pathogenesis of HAND and how it overlaps with neurodegenerative diseases are discussed. Lastly, there is a brief discussion of the results of clinical trials using a brain-penetrating cART regimen.
Related Concept Videos
Dementia l: Introduction
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology
Dementia
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
Hepatic Encephalopathy

