B vitamin supplementation improves cognitive function in the middle aged and elderly with hyperhomocysteinemia

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Nutritional Neuroscience
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Hyperhomocysteinemia is linked to cognitive decline in middle-aged and elderly individuals.
• Elevated homocysteine levels are a risk factor for cognitive impairment.
• Vitamin B deficiencies can impact neurological function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy of a folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 supplement.
• To determine if this supplement improves cognitive function in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia.
• To assess the impact of the supplement on serum homocysteine levels.

Main Methods:

• An intervention study involving 104 participants (aged 55-94) with hyperhomocysteinemia.
• Participants were randomized into a vitamin B intervention group (folate, B6, B12) or a placebo group.
• Cognitive function was assessed using Basic Cognitive Aptitude Tests (BCATs) before and after a 14-week treatment period.

Main Results:

• The vitamin B group showed significant improvements in total BCAT scores and four sub-tests.
• Serum total homocysteine (tHcy) levels significantly decreased in the intervention group.
• Serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 increased in the intervention group.

Conclusions:

• Supplementation with folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 can partially improve cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly patients with hyperhomocysteinemia.
• This vitamin B regimen effectively reduces elevated serum tHcy levels.
• The findings support the role of B vitamins in supporting cognitive health and managing hyperhomocysteinemia.