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Osmotic nephrosis with mannitol: review article
Ali Zohair Nomani1, Zahid Nabi, Humayun Rashid
1Section of Nephrology, KRL Hospital , Islamabad , Pakistan and.
Renal Failure
|June 19, 2014
Summary
Large doses of mannitol can cause acute kidney injury, known as osmotic nephrosis. This review examines mannitol-associated renal failure (MI-ARF) causes, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management, emphasizing cautious use in at-risk patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Mannitol is a common osmotic diuretic used to reduce intracranial and intraocular pressures.
- High-dose or massive mannitol infusions are linked to acute renal failure (ARF), specifically osmotic nephrosis.
Observation:
- This review synthesizes reported cases of MI-ARF.
- It examines the effects of mannitol on renal function and the dynamics of MI-ARF.
Findings:
- Identifies etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management strategies for MI-ARF.
- Highlights the importance of considering patient risk factors for kidney disease when administering mannitol.
Implications:
- Provides a comprehensive resource for understanding and managing MI-ARF.
- Advocates for cautious mannitol use in patients with pre-existing renal conditions to prevent adverse events.
