Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

58.0K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
58.0K
Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

4.8K
Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of...
4.8K
Menopause01:28

Menopause

5.0K
Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
5.0K
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

5.1K
The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
5.1K
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

20
Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
20

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A New nor-Sesquiterpene, Khusynoic Acid and Other Non-Volatile Anticancer Compounds From Vetiveria zizanioides Root.

Chemistry & biodiversity·2026
Same author

Could Alcohol Anticipation-Related Glucose Responses Contribute to a Physiological Drive to Consume Alcohol?

Substance use & misuse·2025
Same author

Enhancing vaccine accessibility and efficacy through microneedle patches.

Journal of healthcare quality research·2024
Same author

Musculoskeletal injury or Sports-Related Concussion (SRC) in a season of rugby union does not affect performance on concussion battery testing in university-aged student-athletes.

Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine·2024
Same author

Subchronic toxicity and genotoxicity studies of <i>Hericium erinaceus</i> β-glucan extract preparation.

Current research in toxicology·2022
Same author

The Role of Physical Frailty Independent Components on Increased Disabilities in Institutionalized Older Women.

Translational medicine @ UniSa·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation
05:42

Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation

Published on: October 25, 2024

1.5K

Premature ovarian insufficiency and neurological function.

M Soni1, E Hogervorst

  • 1Biomedical Sciences, School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK - e.hogervorst@lboro.ac.uk.

Minerva Endocrinologica
|June 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) increases neurological dysfunction risk, particularly cognitive and memory deficits. Hormone therapy may help, especially after surgical menopause if started near natural menopause age.

More Related Videos

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
12:03

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Published on: March 25, 2021

4.4K
Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

10.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation
05:42

Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation

Published on: October 25, 2024

1.5K
Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
12:03

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Published on: March 25, 2021

4.4K
Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

10.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), defined as loss of ovarian function before age 40, is linked to neurological dysfunction and dementia risk, potentially due to estrogen depletion.
  • POI can stem from various causes including genetic disorders, natural premature menopause, surgical menopause, chemotherapy, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the neurological and cognitive effects of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) across different etiologies.
  • To examine the impact of POI on cognitive domains, particularly global cognition and verbal memory.
  • To discuss the role of hormone therapy in mitigating POI-associated neurological risks.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies investigating premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and neurological/cognitive outcomes.
  • Analysis of data stratified by the cause of POI (genetic, natural menopause, surgical menopause, cancer treatments).
  • Evaluation of evidence regarding hormone therapy efficacy and timing in POI patients.

Main Results:

  • POI, especially from premature menopause or surgical induction, is associated with an increased risk of neurological disorders, notably affecting global cognition and verbal memory.
  • Cognitive deficits in genetically caused POI may have a primary genetic basis, distinct from sex steroid effects.
  • Findings on cognitive function post-chemotherapy or GnRH treatment are inconsistent, and hormone therapy benefits post-POI are debated, though potentially most effective when initiated near natural menopause age after surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) presents a significant risk factor for neurological and cognitive decline, with varying impacts depending on the underlying cause.
  • The timing of hormone therapy initiation appears crucial for its potential benefits, particularly following surgical menopause.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the mixed findings regarding specific treatments and to optimize management strategies for POI patients.