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Multiplanar breast kinematics during different exercise modalities.

Deborah Risius1, Alexandra Milligan, Chris Mills

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Breast movement varies significantly across different exercises like running, jumping, and agility tasks. Understanding these differences is key to developing sport-specific bras that effectively reduce breast motion for women with 32D bra sizes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Science
  • Apparel Engineering

Background:

  • Reducing multiplanar breast movement is vital for increasing women's physical activity participation.
  • Current research primarily focuses on breast movement during running, leaving support needs for other activities undefined.
  • Understanding breast kinematics across diverse exercise modalities is essential for designing effective breast support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine multiplanar breast kinematics during running, jumping, and agility tasks.
  • To inform the development of sport-specific breast support solutions based on exercise modality.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen participants with 32D bra sizes had motion capture markers placed on their nipples and torso.
  • Multiplanar breast displacement, velocity, and acceleration were measured during treadmill running (10 kph), maximal countermovement jumps, and an agility T-test.
  • Kinematic data were analyzed to compare breast movement across the three distinct exercise modalities.

Main Results:

  • Exercise modality significantly influenced the magnitude, direction, velocity, and acceleration of breast displacement (p < .05).
  • Jumping resulted in greater vertical breast displacement (.09 m) but less mediolateral displacement (.05 m) compared to running or agility tasks.
  • Agility tasks generated the highest multiplanar breast velocities and accelerations, with a greater proportion of mediolateral acceleration than running or jumping.

Conclusions:

  • Breast kinematics differ significantly across running, jumping, and agility exercises in women with 32D bra sizes.
  • Jumping exercises require greater vertical breast support, while agility tasks necessitate enhanced mediolateral support.
  • Sport-specific bra designs are recommended to effectively reduce breast movement and improve comfort and participation in physical activity.