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Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability

Published on: September 18, 2020

Difference in postural control between patients with functional and mechanical ankle instability.

Henry Chen¹, Hong-Yun Li¹, Jian Zhang¹

¹Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Surgery, Sports Medicine Center of Fudan University, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Foot & Ankle International

|June 20, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with mechanical ankle instability (MAI) exhibit poorer postural control compared to healthy individuals. Functional ankle instability (FAI) patients showed no significant differences in balance compared to controls.

Keywords:

ankle instability functional mechanical postural sway

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Sports Medicine
Orthopedics

Background:

Lateral ankle sprains are common injuries.
Mechanical ankle instability (MAI) and functional ankle instability (FAI) may differ pathologically.
Distinguishing between MAI and FAI is crucial for targeted treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare postural sway between MAI and FAI in chronic ankle instability (CAI) patients.
To investigate differences in balance control between MAI and FAI groups.

Main Methods:

Included 26 CAI patients (15 MAI, 11 FAI) and 14 healthy controls.
MAI group diagnosed with lateral ligament rupture via imaging.
Single-limb postural sway tests conducted with eyes open and closed.

Main Results:

MAI group showed significantly greater postural sway (anterior, posterior, medial) than controls with eyes closed.
MAI group exhibited greater anterior sway than controls with eyes open.
No significant sway differences were observed in the FAI group compared to controls.

Conclusions:

MAI patients demonstrate impaired postural control, particularly in anterior-posterior directions.
FAI patients did not show significant postural sway differences compared to healthy individuals.
Balance training is recommended for MAI patients, including contralateral limb exercises.