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Updated: Apr 28, 2026
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Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction
Published on: December 5, 2025
902
Reconstruction of mandibular defects using the scapular tip free flap
Bernardo Bianchi1, Andrea Ferri, Silvano Ferrari
1Maxillo-Facial Surgery Division, Head and Neck Department, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Microsurgery
|June 20, 2014
Summary
The scapular tip free flap (STFF) effectively reconstructs oromandibular defects with low morbidity. This versatile flap offers good functional and cosmetic outcomes, making it suitable for various patient groups.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Reconstructive Surgery
- Head and Neck Surgery
Background:
- Oromandibular defects present significant reconstructive challenges.
- Free flap reconstruction is a cornerstone of managing these defects.
- The scapular tip free flap (STFF) is an option for oromandibular reconstruction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of the scapular tip free flap (STFF) for oromandibular defect reconstruction.
- To assess functional and cosmetic outcomes following STFF.
- To determine donor site morbidity associated with STFF.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of eleven patients undergoing oromandibular reconstruction with STFF.
- Assessment of mouth opening, diet, and cosmetic results.
- Evaluation of shoulder function using the Constant-Murley test.
Main Results:
- Good to excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes in 8/11 patients.
- Intelligible or normal speech achieved in all but one patient.
- Low donor site morbidity with minimal impact on shoulder function.
Conclusions:
- STFF offers low morbidity and early ambulation.
- The flap provides large tissue volume and can be harvested simultaneously with tumor resection.
- STFF is a valuable option for elderly patients or when other flaps are contraindicated.
