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Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro
Published on: July 5, 2017
Downregulation of tumor necrosis factor and other proinflammatory biomarkers by polyphenols
Subash C Gupta1, Amit K Tyagi1, Priya Deshmukh-Taskar1
1Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
Abstract:
Human tumor necrosis factor (TNF), first isolated by our group as an anticancer agent, has been now shown to be a primary mediator of inflammation. Till today 19 different members of the TNF superfamily which interact with 29 different receptors, have been identified. Most members of this family exhibit pro-inflammatory activities, in part through the activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). Thus TNF and the related pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to play a key role in most chronic diseases such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, psoriasis, neurologic diseases, Crohn's disease, and metabolic diseases. Therefore, agents that can modulate the TNF-mediated inflammatory pathways may have potential against these pro-inflammatory diseases. Although blockers of TNF-α, such as infliximab (antibody against TNF-α), adalimumab (humanized antibody against TNF-α), and etanercept (soluble form of TNFR2) have been approved for human use, these blockers exhibit numerous side effects. In this review, we describe various plant-derived polyphenols that can suppress TNF-α activated inflammatory pathways both in vitro and in vivo. These polyphenols include curcumin, resveratrol, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, flavopiridol, silymarin, emodin, morin isoliquiritigenin, naringenin, ellagic acid, apigenin, kaempferol, catechins, myricetin, xanthohumol, fisetin, vitexin, escin, mangostin and others. Thus these polyphenols are likely to have potential against various pro-inflammatory diseases.
Insights
Plant-derived polyphenols can suppress tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha mediated inflammation, offering a natural alternative to existing therapies. These compounds show potential for treating chronic inflammatory diseases like cancer and arthritis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key mediator of inflammation and plays a role in chronic diseases.
- The TNF superfamily comprises 19 members interacting with 29 receptors, often promoting inflammation via nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation.
- Existing TNF-alpha blockers have side effects, necessitating exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review plant-derived polyphenols as potential modulators of TNF-mediated inflammatory pathways.
- To highlight natural compounds that can suppress TNF-alpha-activated inflammation both in vitro and in vivo.
- To assess the therapeutic potential of these polyphenols against pro-inflammatory diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating plant-derived polyphenols and their effects on TNF-alpha.
- Analysis of in vitro and in vivo data on polyphenol efficacy in suppressing inflammatory pathways.
- Identification of specific polyphenols with demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties related to TNF-alpha.
Main Results:
- Numerous plant-derived polyphenols, including curcumin, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin gallate, were identified.
- These polyphenols demonstrated the ability to suppress TNF-alpha activated inflammatory pathways.
- Evidence supports the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of these natural compounds.
Conclusions:
- Plant-derived polyphenols represent a promising class of agents for modulating TNF-mediated inflammation.
- These compounds offer potential therapeutic benefits for chronic inflammatory conditions such as cancer, arthritis, and cardiovascular diseases.
- Further research into these natural compounds could lead to novel treatments with fewer side effects than current TNF blockers.
