Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines01:14

CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines

1.8K
CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...
1.8K
Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone01:29

Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone

3.1K
Benzodiazepines are a class of anxiolytic drugs known for their rapid efficacy and high therapeutic-to-lethal dose ratio, but with a potential risk of drug dependence. These drugs are lipophilic, allowing for rapid absorption after oral administration, eventually reaching the central nervous system (CNS). Once in the CNS, benzodiazepines bind to the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. By doing so, they prevent...
3.1K
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines01:19

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Benzodiazepines

1.4K
Benzodiazepines have both sedative and hypnotic properties. They include compounds such as diazepam (Valium) and alprazolam (Xanax). Structurally, their cores are similar, consisting of the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring, but they share a common mechanism of action in the central nervous system (CNS).
Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. They bind to the GABAA receptor, increasing its affinity for GABA, which opens chloride...
1.4K
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

1.9K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.9K
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

1.5K
Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic...
1.5K
Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

960
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
960

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Guidelines for treating depressive illness with antidepressants: A statement from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.

Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)·2012
Same author

An open study of remoxipride in the long-term treatment of schizophrenia-.

Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)·2012
Same author

Stigma of anxiety.

Hospital medicine (London, England : 1998)·2000
Same author

Pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia.

The Practitioner·1999
Same author

Outside. Out of context, out of mind. Interview by Catherine Jackson.

Mental health care·1998
Same author

The role of coping strategies in protecting individuals against long-term tranquillizer use.

The British journal of medical psychology·1996
Same journal

Retraction Statement: Psychometric properties of the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised among a sample of non-clinical Iranian women.

International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice·2026
Same journal

Biological and social rhythm differences, daily melatonin secretion and psychiatric symptoms in healthy adults.

International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice·2026
Same journal

Diagnostic utility of pan-immune inflammation value in drug-naïve first-episode psychosis.

International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice·2026
Same journal

Examining neuroretinal alterations in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of OCT and OCT-A studies.

International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice·2026
Same journal

Depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and the impact on treatment motivation and satisfaction.

International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice·2026
Same journal

Predictors of premature treatment termination in an inpatient programme for women with PTSD and/or eating disorders.

International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission
07:16

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission

Published on: August 16, 2018

14.1K

Benzodiazepine dependence: Avoidance and withdrawal.

C Hallström1

  • 1Charter Clinic, Chelsea, London.

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
|June 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Benzodiazepine dependence is complex, often masking underlying anxiety disorders. Effective treatment requires early detection, managing anxiety, and individualized withdrawal plans focusing on root causes.

Keywords:
anxietybenzodiazepinesdependenceneurosiswithdrawal

More Related Videos

A Novel Method of Drug Administration to Multiple Zebrafish Danio rerio and the Quantification of Withdrawal
10:52

A Novel Method of Drug Administration to Multiple Zebrafish Danio rerio and the Quantification of Withdrawal

Published on: November 12, 2014

11.7K
Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
05:12

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission
07:16

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission

Published on: August 16, 2018

14.1K
A Novel Method of Drug Administration to Multiple Zebrafish Danio rerio and the Quantification of Withdrawal
10:52

A Novel Method of Drug Administration to Multiple Zebrafish Danio rerio and the Quantification of Withdrawal

Published on: November 12, 2014

11.7K
Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
05:12

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder

Published on: June 23, 2023

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Benzodiazepine dependence is poorly understood, often conflating genuine dependence with chronic neurosis.
  • Existing treatments may not adequately address the multifaceted nature of benzodiazepine dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the concept of benzodiazepine dependence.
  • To emphasize the need for integrated treatment approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and clinical case analysis.
  • Conceptual framework development for benzodiazepine dependence.

Main Results:

  • Benzodiazepine dependence is an umbrella term for chronic morbidity linked to neurosis.
  • Early detection and treatment of anxiety disorders are crucial.
  • Long-term management and individualized plans are often necessary.

Conclusions:

  • Successful benzodiazepine withdrawal requires addressing underlying psychological issues, not just cessation.
  • Integrated care focusing on anxiety disorders and patient-specific needs is paramount.