Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mean free path and Mean free time01:22

Mean free path and Mean free time

4.4K
Consider the gas molecules in a cylinder. They move in a random motion as they collide with each other and change speed and direction. The average of all the path lengths between collisions is known as the "mean free path."
4.4K
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

2.4K
In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
2.4K
Entropy02:39

Entropy

25.9K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
25.9K
Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Residence Time01:05

Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Residence Time

724
According to statistical moment theory, mean residence time (MRT) is an important measure in pharmacokinetics. MRT can be defined as the expected mean of a probability density function distribution. It provides valuable insights into drug disposition in the body.
After the administration of a drug through intravenous bolus injection, the drug molecules are distributed throughout the body and remain there for varying periods. The MRT represents the average time these drug molecules stay in the...
724
Noncompartmental Analysis: Statistical Moment Theory00:56

Noncompartmental Analysis: Statistical Moment Theory

522
Noncompartmental analyses leverage statistical moment theory to examine time-related changes in macroscopic events, encapsulating the collective outcomes stemming from the constituent elements in play. Statistical moment theory is a mathematical approach used to describe the time course of drug concentration in the body without assuming a specific compartmental model. SMT provides insights into drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination by treating drug concentration versus time...
522
The Entropy as a State Function01:14

The Entropy as a State Function

133
Consider an arbitrary process that moves between two specific states (A and B) in a cyclic manner. This process is reversible and broken down into smaller parts that each follow a Carnot cycle. A Carnot cycle has two isothermal (constant temperature) processes. During these processes, the ratio of the amount of heat transferred to their respective temperature remains constant. The other two processes in the Carnot cycle are also reversible but adiabatic, which means they occur without any heat...
133

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in thoracic aorta of diabetic rats by preserving vascular DDAH activity.

PloS one·2017
Same author

One-step assembly of multi-layered structures with orthogonally oriented stripe-like patterns on the surface of a capillary tube.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2017
Same author

The role of elevated serum procalcitonin in neuroendocrine neoplasms of digestive system.

Clinical biochemistry·2017
Same author

Activation of sirtuin 1 by catalpol-induced down-regulation of microRNA-132 attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress in colitis.

Pharmacological research·2017
Same author

Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy and Memory of Tumor-Specific CD8 T Cells by <i>Ex Vivo</i> PI3K-δ Inhibition.

Cancer research·2017
Same author

Selective replication of oncolytic virus M1 results in a bystander killing effect that is potentiated by Smac mimetics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis
06:44

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Published on: September 23, 2025

705

Mean first-passage time for maximal-entropy random walks in complex networks.

Yuan Lin1, Zhongzhi Zhang1

  • 11] School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China [2] Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Scientific Reports
|June 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Maximal-entropy random walks (MERW) offer faster travel to hub nodes in complex networks compared to traditional unbiased random walks (TURW). However, MERW is slower for reaching low-degree or random nodes.

More Related Videos

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion
09:17

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.5K
Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
09:32

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

Published on: December 18, 2016

13.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis
06:44

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Published on: September 23, 2025

705
Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion
09:17

Structure-Based Simulation and Sampling of Transcription Factor Protein Movements along DNA from Atomic-Scale Stepping to Coarse-Grained Diffusion

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.5K
Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
09:32

Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients

Published on: December 18, 2016

13.7K

Area of Science:

  • Network Science
  • Statistical Physics
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Mean first-passage time (MFPT) is crucial for understanding random walk dynamics in networks.
  • Maximal-entropy random walks (MERW) offer a unique framework for exploring network structures.
  • Traditional unbiased random walks (TURW) serve as a baseline for comparison.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive an explicit expression for MFPT for MERW in general complex networks.
  • To analyze MFPT scaling for MERW in uncorrelated scale-free networks.
  • To compare MERW efficiency against TURW for different target node types.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of MFPT using eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the network's adjacency matrix.
  • Development of a theoretical MFPT formula at the mean-field level for uncorrelated networks.
  • Analysis of dominant MFPT scalings in uncorrelated scale-free networks.

Main Results:

  • An explicit formula for MFPT of MERW in general networks was derived.
  • MFPT to hub nodes is significantly lower for MERW than for TURW.
  • MFPT to the least-degree or uniformly chosen nodes is higher for MERW than for TURW.

Conclusions:

  • MERW exhibits distinct search efficiencies compared to TURW in complex networks.
  • The findings provide insights into the efficiency of search processes in various network structures.
  • Understanding MFPT differences is key for optimizing information or particle transport in networks.