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Related Concept Videos

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
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RhoA controls Wnt upregulation on microstructured titanium surfaces.

Simone Lumetti1, Silvia Mazzotta2, Sara Ferrillo2

  • 1Section of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, Centro di Odontoiatria, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.

Biomed Research International
|June 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rough titanium surfaces increase RhoA activity, which modulates Wnt signaling pathways crucial for cell differentiation. This study reveals RhoA

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Mechanobiology

Background:

  • Topography influences cellular behavior, including Wnt canonical signaling and differentiation.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms linking surface topography to Wnt signaling remain unclear.
  • The small GTPase RhoA regulates cytoskeletal dynamics and cellular tension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of RhoA in topography-dependent Wnt signaling activation on titanium surfaces.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which surface roughness controls Wnt signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized micropatterned titanium surfaces (rough SLA vs. smooth Polished).
  • Employed G-LISA assay to measure RhoA activation.
  • Used dominant-negative and constitutively active RhoA transfections.
  • Applied Myosin II inhibitor (Blebbistatin) and actin inhibitor (Cytochalasin).
  • Assessed Wnt signaling via TCF-Luc activity and cell differentiation markers.

Main Results:

  • RhoA activation was significantly higher on rough (SLA) titanium surfaces compared to smooth surfaces.
  • Modulating RhoA activity directly impacted Wnt signaling activation on different topographies.
  • Myosin II activity was necessary for Wnt signaling modulation by topography.
  • Actin inhibition enhanced both RhoA and Wnt signaling, promoting osteoblastic differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • RhoA is upregulated on rough titanium surfaces and plays a key role in activating Wnt canonical signaling.
  • Topography-induced Wnt signaling modulation is dependent on RhoA and actomyosin-generated tension.
  • These findings provide insights into the mechanobiology of biomaterial-cell interactions and osteogenesis.