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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction
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Biliary stent migration presenting as transdiverticular sigmoid perforation.

A Peter1, M Walker1, K Shinil1

  • 1University of Texas Medical School, Texas, USA.

Journal of Surgical Case Reports
|June 21, 2014
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Summary

A rare complication of biliary stent placement occurred when a stent migrated and perforated the sigmoid colon. This case highlights the need to consider stent migration in patients with abdominal pain after the procedure.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Complications

Background:

  • Biliary stent placement is a common procedure for managing biliary obstructions.
  • Complications, though infrequent, can arise from indwelling biliary stents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of distal biliary stent migration causing sigmoid diverticulum perforation.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering this complication in the differential diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • A case report detailing a patient's presentation and management.
  • Review of the clinical course following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with stent placement.

Main Results:

  • Distal migration of a plastic biliary stent led to perforation of a sigmoid diverticulum.
  • The perforation was successfully managed with sigmoid resection and primary anastomosis, with the ileum containing the perforation.

Conclusions:

  • Sigmoid diverticulum perforation due to biliary stent migration is a rare but significant complication.
  • Clinicians should include this possibility in the differential diagnosis for lower abdominal pain post-ERCP with stent placement.