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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
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Dysrhythmias I: Introduction01:15

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

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Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Rat Model of Right-Sided Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmia Using Pulmonary Artery Banding
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Rat Model of Right-Sided Cardiac Remodeling and Arrhythmia Using Pulmonary Artery Banding

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Arrhythmias in structural heart disease.

H Sawyer Gillespie1, Charles C H Lin, Jordan M Prutkin

  • 1Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356422, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.

Current Cardiology Reports
|June 22, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Structural heart disease often causes electrical heart abnormalities like arrhythmias. Treatment focuses on the underlying cause and may include medications, pacemakers, or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) to manage risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Structural heart disease is frequently linked to cardiac electrical abnormalities, specifically atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.
  • These arrhythmias can arise in patients with various conditions, including ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies, congenital heart disease, and other myocardial structural issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the management strategies for arrhythmias associated with structural heart disease.
  • To emphasize the role of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in managing life-threatening arrhythmias.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current therapeutic approaches for arrhythmias in structural heart disease.
  • Discussion of medical therapies, device-based interventions (pacemakers, ICDs), and ablation techniques.
  • Emphasis on patient selection and device choice for ICD therapy.

Main Results:

  • Treatment prioritizes addressing the underlying structural heart disorder through interventions like surgery or catheter-based procedures.
  • Pharmacological agents (beta-blockers, anti-arrhythmics), pacemakers, ICDs, and ablation are employed for prophylaxis or treatment.
  • ICDs are crucial for patients at risk of malignant arrhythmias, with careful selection vital for outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Arrhythmias in structural heart disease require a multifaceted treatment approach, often beginning with addressing the primary cardiac abnormality.
  • Device selection and patient management are critical for optimizing the efficacy and safety of interventions like ICDs.
  • Therapeutic decisions, including prophylactic measures, are made based on arrhythmia risk and potential for adverse events, irrespective of symptom presence.