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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Dynamic density functional theory with hydrodynamic interactions and fluctuations.

Aleksandar Donev¹, Eric Vanden-Eijnden¹

¹Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, New York 10012, USA.

The Journal of Chemical Physics

|June 23, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new equation for colloidal particle concentration, accounting for fluid interactions. This model captures both average behavior and microscopic fluctuations, revealing distinct behaviors even without direct particle interactions.

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Published on: April 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Statistical Mechanics
Soft Matter Physics
Colloidal Science

Background:

Dynamic Density Functional Theory (DDFT) models colloidal particle dynamics.
Existing DDFT models often simplify or neglect hydrodynamic interactions.
Understanding fluctuations is crucial for accurately describing colloidal systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To derive a closed equation for colloidal particle concentration including hydrodynamic and direct interactions.
To incorporate microscopic fluctuations into DDFT.
To analyze the impact of hydrodynamic correlations on particle diffusion.

Main Methods:

Derivation of a functional Langevin equation for empirical concentration.
Ensemble averaging to recover deterministic DDFT.
Separation of ideal and interaction contributions to concentration.
Analysis of stochastic terms in fluctuating DDFT.

Main Results:

The derived equation reproduces known DDFT results and describes microscopic fluctuations.
In the absence of direct interactions, mean concentration follows Fick's law.
Hydrodynamically-correlated and uncorrelated walkers exhibit distinct stochastic terms and fluctuation behaviors.
The fluid's role in collective diffusion of colloidal suspensions is highlighted.

Conclusions:

The new model provides a more comprehensive description of colloidal particle dynamics by including hydrodynamic effects.
Fluctuations around Fick's law are significantly influenced by hydrodynamic correlations.
Eliminating the fluid from consideration is not feasible for accurate collective diffusion modeling in colloidal suspensions.