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Relationship between mastication and cognitive function in elderly in L'Aquila.

Stefano Mummolo1, Eleonora Ortu1, Stefano Necozione2

  • 1Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Dental Clinic, University of L'Aquila L'Aquila, Italy.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
|June 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elderly individuals with cognitive impairments, such as dementia, experience significant tooth loss compared to those with normal cognitive function. This oral health decline is linked to cognitive decline in older adults.

Keywords:
DementiaMMSEcognitive impairmenttooth loss

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neurology
  • Oral Health

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment, including dementia, is associated with poorer oral health outcomes in the elderly.
  • Previous research indicates a link between cognitive status and the number of teeth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in masticatory function and tooth count between elderly individuals with and without cognitive impairment.
  • To explore correlations between cognitive function, oral health, and other health factors in the elderly population.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 55 elderly participants (age >61), divided into a cognitively normal control group (n=25) and a cognitive impairment test group (n=30).
  • Evaluated Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, Basic Activities of Daily Living (B-ADL), and the number of teeth.
  • Statistical analyses, including Wilcoxon's test, were used to determine significant correlations.

Main Results:

  • The cognitively impaired group had significantly fewer teeth (86.6% had <20 teeth) compared to the cognitively normal group (36% had <20 teeth).
  • Significant correlations were found between tooth loss and cognitive function (MMSE scores), age, sex, renal diseases, and type II diabetes.
  • Educational background also showed a significant correlation with cognitive status.

Conclusions:

  • A clear correlation exists between tooth loss and cognitive function in the elderly population of L'Aquila.
  • Cognitive decline is strongly associated with reduced dentition and potentially impaired masticatory function in older adults.