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Expiratory air trapping on thoracic computed tomography. A diagnostic subclassification
Wallace T Miller1, Jonathan Chatzkel, Michael G Hewitt
11 Department of Radiology, and.
Annals of the American Thoracic Society
|June 24, 2014
Summary
Mosaic air trapping has diverse causes, often identifiable with expiratory CT imaging. Associated findings on CT scans help differentiate between conditions like bronchiectasis, interstitial lung disease, or small airway disease.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Pulmonology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Air trapping on expiratory computed tomography (CT) has multiple reported causes.
- A unified schema for evaluating mosaic air trapping has been lacking.
- Identifying distinct etiologies of air trapping is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify specific imaging features that aid in distinguishing the various etiologies of mosaic air trapping.
- To establish a framework for evaluating air trapping based on associated CT findings.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective search of radiology reports identified cases with "air trapping" from 2010.
- Medical records and CT examinations were reviewed to determine the underlying causes of air trapping.
- Cases were categorized based on associated findings such as bronchiectasis, interstitial lung disease, or tree-in-bud opacities.
Main Results:
- Causes of air trapping were identified in 87.4% of reviewed cases.
- Common associations included bronchiectasis (38%), interstitial lung disease (31%), and isolated air trapping (29%).
- Specific conditions like nontuberculous mycobacteria, cystic fibrosis, sarcoidosis, chronic bronchitis, and asthma were frequently identified based on associated CT findings.
Conclusions:
- A wide spectrum of conditions can lead to air trapping.
- Associated imaging findings on CT are valuable for narrowing the differential diagnosis of air trapping.
- Further research can refine the diagnostic schema for air trapping etiologies.
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