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Mass Cytometry Analysis of Systemic and Local Immune Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from hepatitis C using metabolite profiling.

Siwei Wei1, Yuliana Suryani2, G A Nagana Gowda3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. wei5@purdue.edu.

Metabolites
|June 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Metabolite profiling of serum samples can distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This approach identifies key metabolites for early cancer detection in high-risk HCV patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer globally.
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant risk factor for developing HCC.
  • Early detection of HCC in HCV patients is crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate metabolic differences between HCC and HCV patients using serum metabolic profiling.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for HCC screening in HCV patients.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a metabolite-based model compared to alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from HCC (n=40) and HCV (n=22) patients were analyzed using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
  • Multivariate statistical analysis (e.g., PLS-DA) was employed to differentiate metabolic profiles.
  • Univariate analysis identified significantly altered metabolites, and model robustness was assessed via Monte-Carlo cross-validation (MCCV).

Main Results:

  • Distinct metabolic profiles were observed between HCC and HCV patient groups, primarily due to differences in lipids and individual metabolites.
  • Choline, valine, and creatinine were identified as significantly altered metabolites in HCC patients.
  • A PLS-DA model using these three metabolites achieved 80% sensitivity, 71% specificity, and an AUC of 0.83, outperforming AFP.

Conclusions:

  • Serum metabolite profiling offers a promising alternative for screening hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus infection.
  • The identified metabolite panel demonstrates potential as a non-invasive biomarker for early HCC detection.
  • This approach could enhance cancer surveillance strategies for high-risk populations.