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Identifying naturally occurring retirement communities: a spatial analysis.

Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez1, Takashi Yamashita2, Jennifer M Kinney3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Naturally occurring retirement communities (NORCs) in Ohio showed varied spatial patterns between 2000 and 2010, with some areas becoming NORC hot spots. Understanding these patterns is key for developing effective aging in place policies.

Keywords:
Aging in placeGeographic information systemsHousingNaturally occurring retirement communitiesPopulation agingSpatial analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Urban Planning
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The concept of "aging in place" is crucial for supporting older adults' independence and community engagement.
  • Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) represent a significant demographic concentration of older adults within existing neighborhoods.
  • Understanding the spatial distribution of NORCs is essential for targeted policy development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of Naturally Occurring Retirement Communities (NORCs) in Ohio from 2000 to 2010.
  • To identify geographic clusters (hot spots) of NORCs and examine their changes over a decade.
  • To inform policy implications for supporting "aging in place" initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized census tract data from 2000 and 2010.
  • Employed geovisualization techniques to map NORC distribution.
  • Applied Global Moran's I for spatial autocorrelation and Local Moran's I for hot spot identification.

Main Results:

  • The total number of NORCs slightly decreased despite an increasing older population.
  • NORCs were concentrated in Cuyahoga County and surrounding areas, with persistent hot spots identified.
  • Observed diverse spatiotemporal patterns, including emerging, disappearing, and enduring NORCs, with uneven statewide distribution.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying NORC locations is vital for governments to implement "aging in place" policies.
  • These policies can address critical needs such as independence, social care, healthcare access, and community involvement for older adults.
  • Spatial analysis of NORCs provides actionable insights for urban planning and public health strategies.