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The readiness potential reflects intentional binding.

Han-Gue Jo1, Marc Wittmann2, Thilo Hinterberger3

  • 1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg Freiburg, Germany ; Institute for Transcultural Health Studies, European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder), Germany.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early brain activity, specifically slow cortical potentials (SCPs), influences our perception of time between voluntary actions and their sensory outcomes. This intentional binding effect is stronger following negative SCPs.

Keywords:
intentional bindingmeditationreadiness potentialsense of agencyslow cortical potential

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Intentional binding describes the temporal compression between voluntary actions and their sensory consequences.
  • The neural mechanisms underlying intentional binding, particularly the role of pre-action brain activity, remain poorly understood.
  • Readiness potential (RP) and slow cortical potentials (SCPs) are early neural indicators preceding voluntary actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between early neural processes (SCPs) and the intentional binding effect.
  • To explore potential differences in intentional binding and EEG recordings between mindfulness meditators and non-meditators.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain dynamics during an intentional binding paradigm.
  • Analyzed single-trial EEG data, focusing on slow cortical potentials (SCPs) preceding self-initiated actions.
  • Compared behavioral performance and EEG data between 20 mindfulness meditators and matched controls.

Main Results:

  • No significant group differences were observed between meditators and non-meditators in behavioral or EEG data.
  • Self-initiated actions following negative SCP deflections led to a significantly stronger intentional binding effect.
  • This effect was particularly pronounced in the perceived timing of the sensory outcome.

Conclusions:

  • Early neural activity, specifically slow cortical potentials (SCPs), directly modulates the perceived timing of sensory outcomes linked to voluntary actions.
  • The findings provide the first direct evidence linking preconscious neural activity (SCPs) to the intentional binding phenomenon.
  • Mindfulness meditation did not appear to influence intentional binding or early cortical processing in this study.