IL-33 levels differentiate tuberculous pleurisy from malignant pleural effusions
Wei-Xia Xuan1, Jian-Chu Zhang2, Qiong Zhou2
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China.
Oncology Letters
|June 25, 2014
Summary
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) levels in pleural fluid are significantly higher in tuberculous pleural effusions (TPEs) than in malignant pleural effusions (MPEs). This finding suggests IL-33 may be a novel biomarker for differentiating these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Differentiating tuberculous pleural effusions (TPEs) from malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) presents clinical challenges.
- Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a cytokine involved in inflammation, may play a role in the pathogenesis of pleural effusions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare the concentrations of IL-33 in pleural effusion and serum samples from patients with TPE and MPE.
- To assess the potential of IL-33 as a differential biomarker for TPE and MPE.
Main Methods:
- Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure IL-33 levels.
- Samples were analyzed from 23 patients with TPE and 21 patients with MPE.
- Correlations between pleural and serum IL-33 levels were examined.
Main Results:
- Pleural effusion IL-33 concentrations were significantly higher in TPE patients (22.96±0.98 ng/l) compared to MPE patients (12.60±5.15 ng/l; P<0.001).
- No significant difference in serum IL-33 levels was observed between TPE and MPE groups (P>0.05).
- Pleural IL-33 showed a positive correlation with serum IL-33 in both TPE and MPE groups (P<0.05).
- A pleural IL-33 cut-off value of 19.86 ng/l demonstrated high sensitivity (0.869) and specificity (0.905) for TPE detection (AUC=0.903).
Conclusions:
- Elevated IL-33 levels in pleural effusions are characteristic of TPE.
- Pleural IL-33 shows promise as a novel biomarker for distinguishing between TPE and MPE.
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