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Threats to Biodiversity01:50

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Targeting global protected area expansion for imperiled biodiversity.

Oscar Venter1, Richard A Fuller2, Daniel B Segan3

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Expanding protected areas is crucial for biodiversity. Strategic placement, considering cost and species needs, can significantly improve coverage for threatened vertebrates, rather than just focusing on the cheapest land.

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Area of Science:

  • Conservation science
  • Biodiversity protection
  • Protected area management

Background:

  • International targets aim to expand protected areas (Aichi target 11) and prevent species loss (Aichi target 12).
  • Protected areas are vital for biodiversity but are often located based on cost, not ecological importance.
  • Current protected areas inadequately cover many threatened species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the coverage of threatened vertebrates by existing protected areas.
  • To evaluate strategies for expanding protected areas to meet conservation targets.
  • To determine cost-effective methods for maximizing species coverage.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of protected area distribution and threatened vertebrate ranges (birds, mammals, amphibians).
  • Systematic conservation planning to model future protected area scenarios.
  • Evaluation of coverage based on cost and species persistence.

Main Results:

  • 17% of threatened vertebrates are not in any protected area; 85% are inadequately covered.
  • Expanding protected areas to 17% by selecting the cheapest land offers minimal species coverage improvement (6%).
  • Incorporating cost-efficiency and species needs could cover five times more threatened vertebrates for only 1.5 times the cost.

Conclusions:

  • Current protected area expansion strategies are insufficient for safeguarding threatened species.
  • Strategic siting of new protected areas, balancing cost and biodiversity, is essential.
  • Effective implementation of Convention on Biological Diversity targets requires prioritizing species conservation in protected area planning.