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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

28
Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
28
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

4.4K
The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
4.4K
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

930
Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
930
Unusual Results01:16

Unusual Results

3.0K
Unusual results are those that have a very low chance of occurring. Unusual results can be identified using probabilities and the range rule of thumb. In problems involving probability, unusual results can be observed in 2 instances – an unusually high number of successes or an unusually low number of successes.
According to the range rule of thumb, any value above or below two standard deviations, 2σ  from the mean, μ  is considered unusual.
Maximum unusual value =...
3.0K
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

3.2K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.2K
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation01:29

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings I: Inspection and Palpation

1.3K
In a cardiovascular examination, inspection and palpation are crucial for identifying abnormalities.
Abnormal findings observed during an inspection
1.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch
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A tale of two appendices - an unexpected finding.

M Heetun1, V Stavrinides2, B Keeler1

  • 1Milton Keynes Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Milton Keynes, UK.

Journal of Surgical Case Reports
|June 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Appendiceal duplication is a rare condition that can be missed during surgery for appendicitis. This case highlights the importance of thorough inspection to avoid serious complications from a second, gangrenous appendix.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Anatomy

Background:

  • Appendiceal anomalies are rare and often found incidentally.
  • Appendiceal duplication can lead to significant surgical complications if not identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of appendiceal duplication.
  • To emphasize the importance of careful surgical inspection of the cecal pole.
  • To highlight potential complications of overlooked appendiceal duplication.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 36-year-old male with recurrent abdominal pain.
  • Initial laparoscopic appendicectomy followed by re-exploration.
  • Surgical identification of a second, retrocecal, gangrenous appendix.

Main Results:

  • A previously undetected second appendix was found.
  • The second appendix was retrocecal and gangrenous, indicating a missed diagnosis during the initial surgery.
  • The patient experienced recurrent symptoms due to the undiagnosed duplication.

Conclusions:

  • Thorough inspection of the cecal pole during appendicectomy is crucial to identify anomalies like appendiceal duplication.
  • Failure to identify appendiceal duplication can result in serious post-operative complications.
  • The Cave-Wallbridge classification provides a framework for classifying appendiceal duplications.