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Related Experiment Video

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Simultaneous Measurement of Turbulence and Particle Kinematics Using Flow Imaging Techniques
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Method for calculating confidence intervals for phase contrast flow measurements.

Michael S Hansen1, Laura J Olivieri, Kendall O'Brien

  • 1National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. michael.hansen@nih.gov.

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance : Official Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
|June 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Thermal noise in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) phase contrast (PC) flow measurements can be directly estimated. This new method accurately predicts confidence intervals, improving precision in flow quantification without repeated scans.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR)
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Phase contrast (PC) measurements are crucial in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) but exhibit significant variability.
  • Thermal noise propagation during image reconstruction and analysis limits the precision of flow measurements.
  • Accurate quantification of noise impact is essential for reliable CMR-based cardiovascular assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel method for direct estimation of thermal noise variation in PC flow measurements.
  • To assess the impact of noise on confidence intervals for flow quantification in CMR.
  • To provide a more precise understanding of measurement uncertainty in clinical cardiovascular flow analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Adapted and expanded a standard deviation calculation method to account for noise correlation in PC measurements and cardiac phases.
  • Incorporated dependency between cardiac phases due to retrospective gating in the noise estimation model.
  • Validated the method against repeated phantom experiments and pseudo-replica reconstructions of in vivo data across various flow protocols.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method accurately predicted confidence intervals for flow measurements, showing good agreement with phantom experiments.
  • Pseudo-replica reconstructions of in vivo data also demonstrated good agreement with the predicted confidence intervals.
  • Thermal noise contributes to approximately 1% variation in cardiac output for free-breathing protocols and 3-5% for accelerated breath-hold protocols.

Conclusions:

  • Direct calculation of confidence intervals for Cartesian PC flow measurements is feasible without time-consuming replica reconstructions.
  • The developed method offers an efficient way to assess measurement uncertainty in clinical CMR flow quantification.
  • Improved understanding of noise-induced variability can lead to more robust cardiovascular assessments using CMR.