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Exosome/staphylococcal enterotoxin B, an anti tumor compound against pancreatic cancer
Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini1, Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi, Jafar Soleimanirad
1Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Purpose:
Exosomes (EXOs) are acellular vehicles used for cancer immunotherapy due to their immune-inducing properties. We synthesized a novel structure based on EXOs and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and surveyed its cytostatic effect on a pancreatic cell line.
Methods:
EXOs were purified from tumor cells and SEB was anchored on it by protein transfer method. To determine the cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effect of this structure, treated cells with different concentrations of EXO/SEB were examined by MTT assay and Hoechst staining method. In addition, the expression rate of bcl-2, bax, bak, fas, bcl-xl and the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were assessed.
Results:
We observed that 0.5 and 2.5 μg/100μl of EXO/ SEB significantly (p<0.001) stimulated apoptosis after 24 hrs. The concentrations of 0.5 and 2.5μg/100μl of EXO/SEB raised the expression rate of bax, bak, fas (p<0.001) but had no impact on bcl-2 and bcl-xl after 48 hrs. Furthermore, it was shown that 0.5, 2.5 and 5 μg/100μl of EXO/SEB only increased the activity of caspase-3 after 48 hrs (p<0.001).
Conclusion:
Our designed structure, the EXO/SEB, is a novel model being able to induce apoptosis.
