Resistant hypertension in diabetes mellitus
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Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion
Published on: May 26, 2022
George Bayliss1, Larry A Weinrauch, John A D'Elia
1Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Rhode Island Hospital, APC 9, 593 Eddy St., Providence, RI, 02906, USA, gbayliss@lifespan.org.
Abstract:
Resistant hypertension in diabetes is associated with poor cardiovascular and renal outcomes. This brief review will examine the definitions and epidemiology of resistant hypertension and consider the differences between apparent resistant hypertension and truly resistant or refractory hypertension. It will review the role of the sympathetic nervous system in resistant hypertension. It will consider the relationship between obesity and leptin resistance and sympathetic signaling; the role of obstructive sleep apnea in resistant hypertension; and the role of aldosterone in resistant hypertension. It will conclude by mentioning briefly renal nerve ablation.
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