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Related Concept Videos

Forced Transdifferentiation01:28

Forced Transdifferentiation

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Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.9K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

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The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
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Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
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Transdifferentiation between bone and fat on bone metabolism.

Bo Gao1, Liu Yang1, Zhuo-Jing Luo1

  • 1Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032, China.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology
|June 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone and fat transdifferentiation offers new insights into osteoporosis, particularly in aging populations. Understanding this process is key to developing new treatments for bone metabolism diseases.

Keywords:
Transdifferentiationbonefatosteoporosis

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is characterized by increased bone marrow fat, particularly in aging and menopausal individuals.
  • Bone loss in osteoporosis results from complex genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
  • The interaction between skeletal and adipose tissues is increasingly recognized in pre-clinical and clinical studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of bone and fat transdifferentiation.
  • To explore the molecular interactions involved in this process.
  • To discuss the clinical implications for bone metabolism diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pre-clinical and clinical evidence.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying bone-fat cell fate.
  • Synthesis of current research on transdifferentiation and bone metabolism.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports the existence of in vivo transdifferentiation between bone and fat cells.
  • Specific molecular pathways mediating this transdifferentiation are being elucidated.
  • This process is linked to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and other bone metabolism disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Transdifferentiation between bone and fat cells is a significant factor in bone metabolism.
  • Further research into these molecular interactions can lead to novel therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis.
  • Recommendations for evaluating bone and fat transdifferentiation are proposed to aid clinical assessment.