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Microorganisms and their sensitivity pattern in septic arthritis of north Indian children: a prospective study from

Sanjay Yadav1, Mandeep Singh Dhillon2, Sameer Aggrawal2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Nehru Hospital, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India ; Department of Orthopaedics, Room No. 247, Ayurvigyan Nagar, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.

ISRN Orthopedics
|June 27, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Septic arthritis in children is often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. While antibiotic resistance is a concern, higher antibiotics like vancomycin remain effective for empirical treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedics
  • Microbiology
  • Paediatrics

Background:

  • Septic arthritis is a critical orthopaedic emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and intervention.
  • Evolving microbiological patterns and antibiotic resistance present significant challenges in managing septic arthritis.
  • This study focuses on bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility in pediatric septic arthritis in North India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify common bacterial strains causing septic arthritis in North Indian children.
  • To determine the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of these bacterial isolates.
  • To inform empirical antibiotic therapy recommendations for pediatric septic arthritis.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty children diagnosed with septic arthritis were enrolled.
  • Joint fluid and blood samples were collected for Gram stain, bacterial culture, and sensitivity testing.
  • Radiological and ultrasound imaging were used to assess joint involvement.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound detected joint fluid in 98% of cases; 50% showed radiological evidence of septic arthritis.
  • Bacterial isolates were identified in 72% of joint fluid aspirates.
  • Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen (62%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Group B Streptococcus. Antibiotic resistance to cloxacillin (62%) and ceftriaxone (14%) was observed, but no resistance to vancomycin or linezolid.

Conclusions:

  • Staphylococcus aureus remains the most frequent cause of septic arthritis in this pediatric population.
  • Despite resistance to common antibiotics, isolates remained susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid.
  • Empirical use of higher-spectrum antibiotics is recommended pending culture and sensitivity results.

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