Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections01:21

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Repetitive IV Injections

525
Calculating drug dosage and accumulation in multiple-dose regimens is crucial for achieving therapeutic efficacy while avoiding toxicity. This involves determining the plasma drug concentrations over time to optimize dosing schedules. The principle of superposition is fundamental in this process, allowing for the prediction of drug concentration in plasma following multiple doses based on single-dose data.The principle of superposition asserts that the plasma concentration-time curves from...
525
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

394
A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
394
Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods01:19

Dosage Interval and Administration Route: Determination Methods

561
A medication’s effectiveness largely depends on its appropriate dosage and the route of administration. Dosage ensures that a sufficient drug concentration is maintained in the bloodstream to elicit the desired therapeutic effect without causing toxicity. The route of administration affects the drug's bioavailability, rate of absorption, and onset of action, which are crucial for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Drug dosage calculations are critical to tailoring therapy to...
561
Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose01:24

Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose

5.4K
A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects.
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
5.4K
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters01:01

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

362
It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
362
Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches01:28

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

597
Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
597

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Surveillance of Pharmaceutical Risk-Mitigation Behavior: Applying and Comparing Statistical Process Control Methods Using Real World Data.

Learning health systems·2026
Same author

Prevalence, adherence, and health care resource utilization in schizophrenia: A national and state-level analysis of US Medicaid Beneficiaries.

Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy·2026
Same author

Building implementation science capacity: Adaptation of I-Corps™@NCATS training for rapid fit-to-context discovery and designing for scale-up and sustainability.

Journal of clinical and translational science·2026
Same author

US Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies with Elements to Assure Safe Use: A Longitudinal Analysis of REMS Modifications (2008-2022).

Drug safety·2026
Same author

Planning for implementation scale-up of a medication for opioid use disorder program across rural Colorado: Ensuring fit to context.

Evaluation and program planning·2025
Same author

Economic Burden Associated with Negative Symptoms Identified Through Natural Language Processing Among Patients with Schizophrenia in the United States.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Using Continuous Data Tracking Technology to Study Exercise Adherence in Pulmonary Rehabilitation
09:42

Using Continuous Data Tracking Technology to Study Exercise Adherence in Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Published on: November 8, 2013

14.7K

Methodological considerations in estimating adherence and persistence for a long-acting injectable medication.

Elizabeth J Campagna1, Erik Muser, Joseph Parks

  • 1University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13199 E. Montview Blvd., Ste. 300, MS F443, Aurora, CO 80045. Elizabeth.Campagna@ucdenver.edu.

Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy
|June 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Standard adherence measures may misrepresent long-acting injectable antipsychotic (LA-SGA) use. New methods accounting for dosing schedules and formulation differences are crucial for accurate comparisons with oral antipsychotics (O-SGA).

More Related Videos

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform
07:13

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform

Published on: April 12, 2021

4.4K
Validated LC-MS/MS Panel for Quantifying 11 Drug-Resistant TB Medications in Small Hair Samples
08:54

Validated LC-MS/MS Panel for Quantifying 11 Drug-Resistant TB Medications in Small Hair Samples

Published on: May 19, 2020

7.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Using Continuous Data Tracking Technology to Study Exercise Adherence in Pulmonary Rehabilitation
09:42

Using Continuous Data Tracking Technology to Study Exercise Adherence in Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Published on: November 8, 2013

14.7K
Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform
07:13

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform

Published on: April 12, 2021

4.4K
Validated LC-MS/MS Panel for Quantifying 11 Drug-Resistant TB Medications in Small Hair Samples
08:54

Validated LC-MS/MS Panel for Quantifying 11 Drug-Resistant TB Medications in Small Hair Samples

Published on: May 19, 2020

7.2K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacoeconomics and Health Services Research
  • Psychiatric Pharmacy Practice
  • Medication Adherence Research

Background:

  • Medication adherence and persistence are key quality indicators, with non-adherence linked to poor outcomes and increased healthcare costs.
  • Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are proposed to improve adherence, but standard adherence measures, developed for oral medications, may not accurately reflect LAI use.
  • Assessing adherence for LAI formulations, particularly second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), requires specialized methods due to their unique administration and dosing schedules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the consistency of standard medication adherence/persistence measures against proposed variations tailored for long-acting injectable second-generation antipsychotics (LA-SGAs).
  • To evaluate how data quality and injectable administration methods influence adherence/persistence assessments for LA-SGAs.
  • To use orally administered SGAs (O-SGAs) as a reference for comparing adherence/persistence measurement methods.

Main Methods:

  • Compared standard adherence/persistence measures (MPR, PDC) with two proposed variations for LA-SGAs using administrative claims data.
  • Proposed variations adjusted 'days supply' based on the LA-SGA's labeled dosing schedule and the minimum time between injections.
  • Analyzed data from 195 patients initiating LA-SGAs and 369 patients initiating O-SGAs, using statistical tests (Chi-squared, Kruskal-Wallis) and Kaplan-Meier curves.

Main Results:

  • Standard measures showed no significant difference in MPR between LA-SGAs (0.91) and O-SGAs (0.90).
  • Adjusting for the labeled dosing schedule increased LA-SGA MPR to 0.97, significantly differing from O-SGA MPR.
  • Further adjustments for LA-SGA formulation (0.86 MPR) and PDC values (0.55-0.61 vs. 0.37) revealed significant differences between LA-SGA and O-SGA cohorts.

Conclusions:

  • Standard adherence/persistence measures can yield conflicting conclusions when comparing LA-SGAs and O-SGAs due to differing assumptions about 'days supply'.
  • Adherence measures must account for pharmacological differences, including formulation and duration of therapeutic drug levels, especially with increasing LAI approvals.
  • Payers and researchers should conduct sensitivity analyses with various adherence definitions to ensure reliable comparisons between medication formulations.